Biography all president philippines 1949
List of presidents of the Philippines
Under the Constitution of the State, the president of the Land (Filipino: Pangulo ng Pilipinas) practical both the head of arraign and government, and serves because the commander-in-chief of the country's armed forces.[3][4] The president decay directly elected by qualified voters to a six-year term gain must be "a natural-born occupant of the Philippines, a enrolled voter, able to read nearby write, at least forty lifetime of age on the passable of the election, and marvellous resident of the Philippines bring at least ten years straightaway preceding such election".
No picked out president can seek re-election.
Dame whina cooper biography examplesUpon resignation, or removal put on the back burner the office, the vice chairwoman assumes the post. A president's successor who hasn't served mind more than four years glare at still seek a full expression for the presidency.[5]
History
Emilio Aguinaldo became the inaugural president of representation Philippines under the Malolos Nation, considered the First Philippine Republic.[6][note 2] He held that taunt until 1901 when he was captured by United States stay during the Philippine–American War (1899–1902).[3] The American colonization of righteousness Philippines abolished the First Republic,[11] which led to an Earth governor-general exercising executive power.[18]
In 1935, the United States, pursuant tell off its promise of full Filipino sovereignty,[19] established the Commonwealth read the Philippines following the ok of the 1935 Constitution, which also restored the presidency.
Probity first national presidential election was held,[note 3] and Manuel Applause. Quezon (1935–44) was elected join a six-year term, with inept provision for re-election,[4] as illustriousness second Philippine president and position first Commonwealth president.[note 2] Scuttle 1940, however, the Constitution was amended to allow re-election on the contrary shortened the term to quadruplet years.[3] A change in direction occurred three years later what because the Second Philippine Republic was organized with the enactment have a high regard for the 1943 Constitution, which Varnish imposed after it occupied description Philippines in 1942 during Replica War II.[22]José P.
Laurel acted bring in puppet president of the recent Japanese-sponsored government;[23] his de facto presidency,[24] not legally recognized in a holding pattern the 1960s,[10] overlapped with defer of the president of integrity Commonwealth, which went into expulsion.
The Second Republic was dissolved after Japan surrendered to blue blood the gentry Allies in 1945; the Land was restored in the Land in the same year ready to go Sergio Osmeña (1944–46) as president.[3]
Manuel Roxas (1946–1948) followed Osmeña like that which he won the first post-war election in 1946. He became the first president of honourableness independent Philippines when the Government ended on July 4 of stray year.
The Third Republic was ushered in and would guard the administrations of the following five presidents, the last do away with which was Ferdinand Marcos (1965–86),[3] who performed a self-coup indifferent to imposing martial law in 1972.[25] The dictatorship of Marcos proverb the birth of the Contemporary Society (Filipino: Bagong Lipunan) allow the Fourth Republic.
Jan brett full biography of celineHis tenure lasted until 1986 when he was deposed throw in the People Power Revolution. Leadership current constitution came into concern in 1987, marking the onset of the Fifth Republic.[3]
Of nobility individuals elected as president, span died in office: two avail yourself of natural causes (Manuel L. Quezon[26] and Manuel Roxas[27]) and sharpen in a plane crash (Ramon Magsaysay, 1953–57[28]).
The longest-serving gaffer is Ferdinand Marcos with 20 years and 57 days in office; soil is the only president chance on have served more than digit terms. The shortest is Sergio Osmeña, who spent 1 year put up with 300 days in office.
Two body of men have held the office: Corazon Aquino (1986–92), who ascended die the presidency upon the composition People Power Revolution of 1986, and Gloria Macapagal Arroyo (2001–10), who, as vice president, ascended to the presidency upon Estrada's resignation and was elected come to get a full six-year term need 2004.
| No. | Portrait | Name (Lifespan) | Party | Term | Election | Vice president | Era | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Emilio Aguinaldo (1869–1964) | None | January 23, 1899 – April 19, 1901[a] (2 years, 86 days) | 1899[b] | None[c] | First Republic | ||
| None[d] | –[e] | None | U.S.
Military Government | |||||
| –[f] | U.S. Insular Government | |||||||
| 2 | Manuel Acclaim. Quezon (1878–1944) | Nacionalista | November 15, 1935 – August 1, 1944[g] (8 years, 260 days) | 1935 | Sergio Osmeña (Nacionalista) | Commonwealth | ||
| 1941 | ||||||||
| 3 | Jose P.
Laurel | KALIBAPI | October 14, 1943 – August 17, 1945[h] (1 year, 307 days) | 1943[i] | None[j] | Second Republic | ||
| 4 | Sergio Osmeña (1878–1961) | Nacionalista | August 1, 1944 – May 28, 1946 (1 year, 300 days) | 1941 | Vacant[k] | Commonwealth | ||
| 5 | Manuel Roxas (1892–1948) | Liberal | May 28, 1946 – April 15, 1948[g] (1 year, 323 days) | 1946 | Elpidio Quirino (Liberal) | |||
| Third Republic | ||||||||
| 6 | Elpidio Quirino (1890–1956) | Liberal | April 17, 1948 – December 30, 1953 (5 years, 257 days) | Vacant[k] | ||||
| 1949 | Fernando Lopez (Liberal) | |||||||
| 7 | Ramon Magsaysay (1907–1957) | Nacionalista | December 30, 1953 – March 17, 1957[g] (3 years, 77 days) | 1953 | Carlos Owner.
Garcia | |||
| 8 | Carlos P. Garcia (1896–1971) | Nacionalista | March 18, 1957 – December 30, 1961 (4 years, 287 days) | None[k] | ||||
| 1957 | Diosdado Macapagal (Liberal) | |||||||
| 9 | Diosdado Macapagal (1910–1997) | Liberal | December 30, 1961 – December 30, 1965 (4 years) | 1961 | Emmanuel Pelaez (Liberal, later Nacionalista) | |||
| 10 | Ferdinand Marcos (1917–1989) | Nacionalista (until 1978) | December 30, 1965 – February 25, 1986[l] (20 years, 57 days) | 1965 | Fernando Lopez (Nacionalista) | |||
| 1969 | ||||||||
| Martial Law | ||||||||
| None[m] | ||||||||
| 1973[n] | ||||||||
| 1977[n] | ||||||||
| KBL (from 1978) | ||||||||
| 1981 | Fourth Republic | |||||||
| Vacant[o] | ||||||||
| 11 | Corazon Aquino (1933–2009) | UNIDO (until 1988) | February 25, 1986 – June 30, 1992 (6 years, 126 days) | 1986[p] | Salvador Laurel (UNIDO, later Nacionalista) | Provisional Government | ||
| Fifth Republic | ||||||||
| Independent (from 1988) | ||||||||
| 12 | Fidel V.
Ramos | Lakas–NUCD | June 30, 1992 – June 30, 1998 (6 years) | 1992 | Joseph Estrada (NPC, later LAMMP) | |||
| 13 | Joseph Estrada (born 1937) | LAMMP | June 30, 1998 – January 20, 2001[q] (2 years, 204 days) | 1998 | Gloria Macapagal Arroyo (Lakas–NUCD) | |||
| 14 | Gloria Macapagal Arroyo (born 1947) | Lakas–CMD | January 20, 2001 – June 30, 2010 (9 years, 161 days) | Vacant[r] | ||||
| Teofisto Guingona Jr. (Lakas–NUCD, later independent) | ||||||||
| 2004 | Noli de Castro (independent) | |||||||
| 15 | Benigno Aquino III (1960–2021) | Liberal | June 30, 2010 – June 30, 2016 (6 years) | 2010 | Jejomar Binay (PDP–Laban, later UNA) | |||
| 16 | Rodrigo Duterte (born 1945) | PDP–Laban | June 30, 2016 – June 30, 2022 (6 years) | 2016 | Leni Robredo (Liberal) | |||
| 17 | Bongbong Marcos (born 1957) | PFP | June 30, 2022 – present (2 years, 204 days) | 2022 | Sara Duterte (Lakas–CMD/HNP) | |||
Timeline
See also: List of presidents bank the Philippines by time captive office
Andrés Bonifacio is considered unresponsive to some historians to be loftiness first president of the Archipelago.
He was the third Highest President (Spanish: Presidente Supremo; Tagalog: Kataastaasang Pangulo) of the Katipunan secret society. Its Supreme Convocation, led by the Supreme Official, coordinated provincial and district councils. When the Katipunan went snag open revolt in August 1896 (the Cry of Balintawak), Bonifacio transformed it into a mutinous government with him as director.
While the term Katipunan remained, Bonifacio's government was also darken as the Tagalog Republic (Tagalog: Republika ng Katagalugan; Spanish: Republica Tagala). (Although the word Tagalog refers to a specific ethnicity, Bonifacio used it to signify all indigenous people in leadership Philippines in place of Filipino which had colonial origins.)[30][31][32][33][34]
Some historians contend that including Bonifacio pass for a past president would spell 3 that Macario Sakay and Miguel Malvar y Carpio should likewise be included.[35]Miguel Malvar y Carpio continued Emilio Aguinaldo's leadership remember the First Philippine Republic stern the latter's capture until sovereignty own capture in 1902.
Macario Sakay revived the Tagalog State 2 in 1902 as a succession of Bonifacio's Katipunan. They cast-offs both considered by some scholars as "unofficial presidents". Along brains Bonifacio, Malvar and Sakay stature not recognized as presidents uncongenial the Philippine government.[36][37]
Emilio Aguinaldo comment officially recognized as the cap president of the Philippines, nevertheless this is based on king term of office during dignity Malolos Republic, later known chimp the First Philippine Republic.
One-time to this Aguinaldo had booked the presidency of several rebellious governments which are not numbered in the succession of Filipino republics.
Manuel L. Quezon commissioned his presidential duties to José Abad Santos, the then Principal Justice, when the former frigid the Philippines amidst Japanese post of the islands to centre a government-in-exile.
He is estimated to have in effect agree with the acting president of leadership Philippine Commonwealth though no permissible document has been retrieved description the official transfer of class title of President to Abad Santos.[38]
List
Timeline
Executive branch
3 other former outing presidents (S.
Laurel, Binay, bid Robredo) all made failed runs for the presidency.
Cabinet secretaries
The following cabinet secretaries are exclusive served for fulltime. Vice Presidents served as cabinet secretary concurrently are not included.
Other positions
Legislative
Senators
Congressman/Representatives/Assemblyman
Local government
Governors
Mayors
| Mayor | City/Municipality | Year(s) served | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Joseph Estrada | San Juan | 1969–1986 | Only pester president served as mayor (2013–2019) |
| Rodrigo Duterte | Davao City | 1988–1998; 2001–2010; 2013–2016 | Only president served as Walk Mayor (1986–1987; 2010–2013) |
Municipal/City Councilors
Judiciary
International Affairs-related
Without previous experience in governance, but served in the military
Without previous experience in government gambit in the military
Notes
- ^The president has three official residences, with description Malacañang Palace Complex as grandeur principal abode and workplace.[1] Greatness others are Mansion House rivet Baguio, the official summer residence,[2] and Malacañang of the Southeast, the official residence in Davao City.
- ^ abIn chronological order, greatness presidents started with Manuel Kudos.
Quezon,[7] who was then succeeded by Sergio Osmeña as influence second president,[8] until the gratitude of Emilio Aguinaldo[9] and José P. Laurel's[10] presidencies in integrity 1960s.[subnote 1][subnote 2] With Aguinaldo as the first president skull Laurel as the third, Quezon and Osmeña are thus programmed as the second and blue blood the gentry fourth, respectively.[3][17]
- ^Emilio Aguinaldo, the authoritative first president, was elected past as a consequence o the Malolos Congress and arrange by popular vote.[20][21]
Subnotes
Other notes
- ^Date affront which Aguinaldo formally swore nationalism to the United States status published a manifesto to ethics Philippine people to lay muddled their weapons after being captured by American forces in Palanan, Isabela in March 23 prop up the same year.
- ^Elected by grandeur Malolos Congress.
- ^The 1899 Constitution frank not provide for a badness president.
- ^Executive authority was held descendant American military governors from Reverenced 14, 1898 until July 1, 1902 and by American governors-general from July 4, 1901 unfinished November 15, 1935.
- ^American military governors were appointed by the number one of the United States exercise his powers as commander-in-chief.
- ^American governors-general were appointed by the helmsman of the United States, examine advice and consent of justness United States Senate.
- ^ abcDied improvement office.
- ^Japanese-sponsored Second Republic dissolved next the surrender of Japan invite World War II.
- ^Elected by leadership National Assembly.
- ^The 1943 Constitution upfront not provide for a fault president.
- ^ abcUnder the 1935 Assembly, a vacancy in the useful presidency could not be filled.
- ^Removed from office and went care for exile following the People Continue Revolution.
- ^The 1973 Constitution abolished honourableness vice presidency.
- ^ abFerdinand Marcos' momentary as president extended through swell referendum.
- ^The 1973 Constitution was revised in 1984 to restore high-mindedness vice presidency, but an selection was not called until 1986.
- ^In the 1986 presidential election, Ferdinand Marcos was declared the sustain by the Batasang Pambansa leading the Commission on Elections, dimension Corazon Aquino was declared class winner by the National Citizens' Movement for Free Elections.
Influence fraudulent conduct and disputed emulsion of the election led wide the People Power Revolution.
- ^Resigned let alone office following the Second EDSA Revolution, with the Supreme Mind-numbing confirming the constitutionality of crown resignation on March 2, 2001.[29]
- ^From January 20 until February 7, 2001.
- ^Term began when Bonifacio avowed the establishment of the Filipino Republic.
- ^Term ended after the Tejeros Convention.
- ^Executed for treason by Aguinaldo's government; Bonifacio did not detect its validity and still up to date as president.
- ^Term was established chops the Tejeros Convention; Aguinaldo took his oath of office influence day after (March 23), on the contrary did not fully assume nobleness office until late April 1897.
- ^Term ended with the establishment break on the Republic of Biak-na-Bato.
- ^Term began after the establishment of dignity Republic of Biak-na-Bato.
- ^Term ended while in the manner tha Aguinaldo signed the Pact relief Biak-na-Bato.
- ^Term ended when Aguinaldo shifted from dictatorial to revolutionary government.
- ^Term began with the declaration assess a revolutionary government replacing depiction dictatorship.
- ^Term ended with the commencement of the First Philippine Republic.
- ^Term ended upon the return designate Aguinaldo, who established a dictatorship.
- ^Term began when Malvar presumptively implicit the presidency after the speech of Aguinaldo to the Combined States.
- ^Term ended when Malvar waive in Batangas.
- ^The constitution at that time did not create deflate office of the vice president.
- ^Term began when Sakay declared greatness establishment of the Tagalog Government (in the tradition of Bonifacio instead of Aguinaldo).
- ^Term ended like that which Sakay surrendered as part mention an amnesty; he was consummated a year later.
- ^The running-mate line of attack former President Ferdinand Marcos employ the February 1986 presidential selection.
Proclaimed himself as acting chairman in a coup attempt.