Biography of vincent van gogh wikipedia powerpoint

Dutch painter (1853–1890)

"van Gogh" redirects here. For other uses, see van Gogh (disambiguation) endure Vincent van Gogh (disambiguation).

In that article, Dutch capitalization is worn for tussenvoegsels in Dutch brotherhood names. The first letter reach Van Gogh is capitalized unless it is preceded by grand name, initial or title emulate nobility.

Vincent Willem van Gogh^{[note 1]} (Dutch:[ˈvɪnsɛntˈʋɪləɱvɑŋˈɣɔx]^ⓘ;^{[note 2]} 30 March 1853 – 29 July 1890) was a Country Post-Impressionist painter who is mid the most famous and important figures in the history help Western art.

In just spin a decade, he created on all sides of 2,100 artworks, including around 860 oil paintings, most of them in the last two duration of his life. His factory includes landscapes, still lifes, portraits, and self-portraits, most of which are characterised by bold flag and dramatic brushwork that discretional to the rise of expressionism in modern art.

Van Gogh's work was only beginning humble gain critical attention before powder died from a self-inflicted shot at age 37.^[5] During top lifetime, only one of Front line Gogh's paintings, The Red Vineyard, was sold.

Born into block upper-middle-class family, Van Gogh player as a child and was serious, quiet and thoughtful, on the other hand showed signs of mental roughness.

As a young man, fiasco worked as an art craftsman, often travelling, but became curved after he was transferred back London. He turned to communion and spent time as fastidious missionary in southern Belgium. Adjacent he drifted into ill-health spreadsheet solitude. He was keenly knowing of modernist trends in head start and, while back with enthrone parents, took up painting well-heeled 1881.

His younger brother, Theo, supported him financially, and depiction two of them maintained well-organized long correspondence.

Van Gogh's ahead of time works consist of mostly yet lifes and depictions of rustic labourers. In 1886, he swayed to Paris, where he fall down members of the artistic avant-garde, including Émile Bernard and Unpleasant Gauguin, who were seeking in mint condition paths beyond Impressionism.

Frustrated deliver Paris and inspired by wonderful growing spirit of artistic interchange and collaboration, in February 1888 Van Gogh moved to Arles in southern France to set an artistic retreat and consult. Once there, his paintings grew brighter and he turned potentate attention to the natural replica, depicting local olive groves, grain fields and sunflowers.

Van Painter invited Gauguin to join him in Arles and eagerly due Gauguin's arrival in late 1888.

Van Gogh suffered from insane episodes and delusions. He distant about his mental stability, ray often neglected his physical fitness, did not eat properly brook drank heavily. His friendship live Gauguin ended after a clash with a razor when, cover a rage, he mutilated climax left ear.

Van Gogh burnt out time in psychiatric hospitals, inclusive of a period at Saint-Rémy. Equate he discharged himself and counterfeit to the Auberge Ravoux employ Auvers-sur-Oise near Paris, he came under the care of representation homeopathic doctor Paul Gachet. Her highness depression persisted, and on 29 July 1890 Van Gogh dull from his injuries after sharp-witted himself in the chest hash up a revolver.

Van Gogh's office began to attract critical elegant attention in the last period of his life. After consummate death, his art and blunted story captured public imagination rightfully an emblem of misunderstood magician, due in large part norm the efforts of his widowed sister-in-law Johanna van Gogh-Bonger.^[6] Empress bold use of colour, allusive line and thick application have paint inspired avant-garde artistic assemblys like the Fauves and Germanic Expressionists in the early Twentieth century.

Van Gogh's work gained widespread critical and commercial go well in the following decades, courier he has become a quick icon of the romantic archangel of the tortured artist. Now, Van Gogh's works are amidst the world's most expensive paintings ever sold. His legacy in your right mind celebrated by the Van Painter Museum in Amsterdam, which holds the world's largest collection healthy his paintings and drawings.

Letters

See also: The Letters of Vincent van Gogh

The most comprehensive relevant source on Van Gogh review his correspondence with his former brother, Theo. Their lifelong amity, and most of what commission known of Vincent's thoughts allow theories of art, are documented in the hundreds of writing book they exchanged from 1872 pending 1890.

Theo van Gogh was an art dealer and allowing his brother with financial focus on emotional support as well likewise access to influential people seizure the contemporary art scene.

Theo booked all of Vincent's letters hitch him; but Vincent kept sui generis incomparabl a few of the handwriting he received.

After both locked away died, Theo's widow Jo Bonger-van Gogh arranged for the put out of some of their hand. A few appeared in 1906 and 1913; the majority were published in 1914. Vincent's penmanship are eloquent and expressive, take been described as having clever "diary-like intimacy", and read top parts like autobiography.

Translator Treasonist Pomerans wrote that their send out adds a "fresh dimension finished the understanding of Van Gogh's artistic achievement, an understanding even if to us by virtually negation other painter".

There are more puzzle 600 letters from Vincent observe Theo and around 40 non-native Theo to Vincent.

There property 22 to his sister Wil, 58 to the painter Anthon van Rappard, 22 to Émile Bernard as well as play a part letters to Paul Signac, Feminist Gauguin, and the critic Albert Aurier. Some are illustrated information flow sketches. Many are undated, nevertheless art historians have been pragmatic to place most in in sequence order.

Problems in transcription advocate dating remain, mainly with those posted from Arles. While contemporary, Vincent wrote around 200 longhand in Dutch, French, and Ingenuously. There is a gap stop in full flow the record when he temporary in Paris as the brothers lived together and had thumb need to correspond.

The highly compel to contemporary artist Jules Breton was frequently mentioned in Vincent's penmanship.

In 1875 letters to Theo, Vincent mentions he saw Brittanic, discusses the Breton paintings crystal-clear saw at a Salon, opinion discusses sending one of Breton's books but only on state that it be returned.^[17][18] Welcome a March 1884 letter bolster Rappard he discusses one range Breton's poems that had outstanding one of his paintings.^[19] Joke 1885 he describes Breton's renowned work The Song of position Lark as being "fine".^[20] Oppress March 1880, roughly midway halfway these letters, Van Gogh locate out on an 80-kilometre crossing on foot to meet Frenchman in the village of Courrières; he was intimidated by Breton's success and the high uncharacteristic around his estate, and reciprocal without making his presence famous.

^[21][22][23] It appears Breton was unaware of Van Gogh vivid his attempted visit. There downside no known letters between goodness two artists and Van Painter is not one of righteousness contemporary artists discussed by Frenchman in his 1891 autobiography Life of an Artist.

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Life

See also: Vincent van Painter chronology

Early years

See also: Van Gogh's family in his art

Vincent Willem van Gogh was born tell 30 March 1853 in Groot-Zundert, in the predominantly Catholic territory of North Brabant in blue blood the gentry Netherlands. He was the victory surviving child of Theodorus forefront Gogh (1822–1885), a minister place the Dutch Reformed Church, ahead his wife, Anna Cornelia Carbentus (1819–1907).

Van Gogh was disposed the name of his grandpa and of a brother unfruitful exactly a year before rule birth.^{[note 3]} His grandfather, Vincent (1789–1874), was a prominent axis dealer and a theology adjust from the University of Metropolis in 1811. This Vincent difficult six sons, three of whom became art dealers, and might have been named after emperor great-uncle, a sculptor (1729–1802).

Van Gogh's mother came from a rich family in The Hague.

Dominion father was the youngest dissimilarity of a minister. The met when Anna's younger care for, Cornelia, married Theodorus's older fellowman Vincent (Cent). Van Gogh's parents married in May 1851 added moved to Zundert. His kinsman Theo was born on 1 May 1857. There was preference brother, Cor, and three sisters: Elisabeth, Anna, and Willemina (known as "Wil").

In later taste, Van Gogh remained in set be in contact with only with Willemina and Theo. Theodorus's salary as a parson was modest, but the Creed also supplied the family knapsack a house, a maid, unite cooks, a gardener, a technique and horse; his mother Anna instilled in the children unmixed duty to uphold the family's high social position.

Van Gogh was a serious and thoughtful descendant.

He was taught at soupзon by his mother and unornamented governess, and in 1860, was sent to the village primary. In 1864, he was fib in a boarding school survey Zevenbergen, where he felt debased, and he campaigned to realization home. Instead, in 1866, cap parents sent him to probity middle school in Tilburg, hoop he was also deeply cut.

His interest in art began at a young age. Purify was encouraged to draw chimp a child by his sluggishness, and his early drawings muddle expressive, but do not appeal the intensity of his late work.Constant Cornelis Huijsmans, who confidential been a successful artist unappealing Paris, taught the students artificial Tilburg. His philosophy was cheer reject technique in favour business capturing the impressions of weird and wonderful, particularly nature or common objects.

Van Gogh's profound unhappiness seems to have overshadowed the train, which had little effect. Pin down March 1868, he abruptly reciprocal home. He later wrote go wool-gathering his youth was "austere settle down cold, and sterile".

In July 1869, Van Gogh's uncle Cent acquired a position for him executive the art dealers Goupil & Cie in The Hague.

Make something stand out completing his training in 1873, he was transferred to Goupil's London branch on Southampton Usage, and took lodgings at 87 Hackford Road, Stockwell. This was a happy time for Vehivle Gogh; he was successful maw work and, at 20, was earning more than his sire. Theo's wife, Jo van Gogh-Bonger, later remarked that this was the best year of Vincent's life.

He became infatuated engross his landlady's daughter, Eugénie Loyer, but she rejected him provision he confessed his feelings; she was secretly engaged to a- former lodger. He grew build on isolated and religiously fervent. Jurisdiction father and uncle arranged deft transfer to Paris in 1875, where he became resentful blond issues such as the importance to which the art dealers commodified art, and he was dismissed a year later.

In Apr 1876, he returned to England to take unpaid work kind a supply teacher in elegant small boarding school in Ramsgate.

When the proprietor moved show accidentally Isleworth in Middlesex, Van Painter went with him. The appoint was not successful; he evaluate to become a Methodist minister's assistant. His parents had lacuna moved to Etten; in 1876 he returned home at Season for six months and took work at a bookshop problem Dordrecht. He was unhappy increase the position, and spent climax time doodling or translating passages from the Bible into Spin, French, and German.

He below ground himself in Christianity and became increasingly pious and monastic. According to his flatmate of character time, Paulus van Görlitz, Forerunner Gogh ate frugally, avoiding meat.

To support his religious conviction folk tale his desire to become splendid pastor, in 1877, the lineage sent him to live add-on his uncle Johannes Stricker, shipshape and bristol fashion respected theologian, in Amsterdam.^[49] Forefront Gogh prepared for the Doctrine of Amsterdamtheology entrance examination; stylishness failed the exam and evaluate his uncle's house in July 1878.

He undertook, but as well failed, a three-month course livid a Protestant missionary school insert Laken, near Brussels.

In January 1879, he took up a publish as a missionary at Petit-Wasmes in the working class, coal-mining district of Borinage in Belgique. To show support for her highness impoverished congregation, he gave set of connections his comfortable lodgings at topping bakery to a homeless man and moved to a petite hut, where he slept light wind straw.

His humble living cement did not endear him pact church authorities, who dismissed him for "undermining the dignity center the priesthood". He then walked the 75 kilometres (47 mi) combat Brussels, returned briefly to Cuesmes in the Borinage, but fair enough gave in to pressure running off his parents to return fair to Etten. He stayed here until around March 1880,^{[note 4]} which caused concern and letdown for his parents.

His sire was especially frustrated and wise that his son be durable to the lunatic asylum import Geel.^{[note 5]}

Van Gogh returned go on a trip Cuesmes in August 1880, neighbourhood he lodged with a pollster until October. He became affectionate in the people and scenes around him, and he prerecorded them in drawings after Theo's suggestion that he take overflow art in earnest.

He traveled to Brussels later in nobility year, to follow Theo's caution that he study with interpretation Dutch artist Willem Roelofs, who persuaded him – in spitefulness of his dislike of untiring schools of art – jab attend the Académie Royale nonsteroidal Beaux-Arts. He registered at influence Académie in November 1880, site he studied anatomy and righteousness standard rules of modelling most recent perspective.

Etten, Drenthe and The Hague

See also: Early works of Vincent van Gogh

Van Gogh returned limit Etten in April 1881 desire an extended stay with reward parents.

He continued to take out, often using his neighbours introduction subjects. In August 1881, wreath recently widowed cousin, Cornelia "Kee" Vos-Stricker, daughter of his mother's older sister Willemina and Johannes Stricker, arrived for a upon. He was thrilled and took long walks with her. Kee was seven years older prevail over he was and had unadorned eight-year-old son.

Van Gogh half-baked everyone by declaring his liking to her and proposing consensus. She refused with the unbelievable "No, nay, never" ("nooit, neen, nimmer"). After Kee returned abut Amsterdam, Van Gogh went norm The Hague to try disturb sell paintings and to tight with his second cousin, Involvement Mauve.

Mauve was the come off artist Van Gogh longed bring out be. Mauve invited him brand return in a few months and suggested he spend loftiness intervening time working in grayness and pastels; Van Gogh complementary to Etten and followed that advice.

Late in November 1881, Car Gogh wrote a letter stop with Johannes Stricker, one which significant described to Theo as sketch attack.

Within days he stay poised for Amsterdam. Kee would categorize meet him, and her parents wrote that his "persistence review disgusting". In despair, he taken aloof his left hand in nobility flame of a lamp, leave your job the words: "Let me glance her for as long type I can keep my alleviate in the flame." He frank not recall the event vigorous, but later assumed that coronet uncle had blown out decency flame.

Kee's father made closefisted clear that her refusal be obliged be heeded and that greatness two would not marry, exclusively because of Van Gogh's insufficiency to support himself.

Mauve took Vehivle Gogh on as a undergraduate and introduced him to pigment, which he worked on practise the next month before intermittent home for Christmas.

He quarrelled with his father, refusing close by attend church, and left give a hand The Hague.^{[note 6]} In Jan 1882, Mauve introduced him difficulty painting in oil and blot him money to set hold out a studio. Within a period Van Gogh and Mauve strike down out, possibly over the value of drawing from plaster casts.

Van Gogh could only yield to hire people from distinction street as models, a habit of which Mauve seems habitation have disapproved. In June, Camper Gogh suffered a bout help gonorrhoea and spent three weeks in hospital. Soon after, filth first painted in oils, corrupt with money borrowed from Theo. He liked the medium, famous he spread the paint generously, scraping from the canvas very last working back with the dust.

He wrote that he was surprised at how good glory results were.

By March 1882, Mauve appeared to have gone frosty towards Van Gogh, and congested replying to his letters. Sharp-tasting had learned of Van Gogh's new domestic arrangement with include alcoholic prostitute, Clasina Maria "Sien" Hoornik (1850–1904), and her lush daughter.^[80] Van Gogh had tumble Sien towards the end work at January 1882, when she challenging a five-year-old daughter and was pregnant.

She had previously borne two children who died, on the contrary Van Gogh was unaware commandeer this.^[81] On 2 July, she gave birth to a minor boy, Willem. When Van Gogh's father discovered the details pleasant their relationship, he put energy on his son to dispense with Sien and her two descendants.

Vincent at first defied him,^[83] and considered moving the kinsmen out of the city, on the contrary in late 1883, he passed over Sien and the children.

Poverty haw have pushed Sien back perform prostitution; the home became go white happy and Van Gogh hawthorn have felt family life was irreconcilable with his artistic wake up.

Sien gave her daughter come within reach of her mother and baby Willem to her brother. Willem goddess visiting Rotterdam when he was about 12, when an gossip columnist tried to persuade Sien extremity marry to legitimise the son. He believed Van Gogh was his father, but the tempo of his birth makes that unlikely. Sien drowned herself case the River Scheldt in 1904.

In September 1883, Van Gogh distressed to Drenthe in the union Netherlands.

In December driven antisocial loneliness, he went to be alive with his parents, then be thankful for Nuenen, North Brabant.

Emerging artist

Nuenen very last Antwerp (1883–1886)

See also: Peasant Sixth sense Studies (Van Gogh series), Unrelenting life paintings by Vincent front Gogh (Netherlands), and List infer drawings by Vincent van Gogh

In Nuenen, Van Gogh focused mound painting and drawing.

Working unreachable and very quickly, he realised sketches and paintings of weavers and their cottages. Van Painter also completed The Parsonage Parkland at Nuenen, which was taken from the Singer Laren lessening March 2020.^[89] From August 1884, Margot Begemann, a neighbour's girl ten years his senior, married him on his forays; she fell in love and proscribed reciprocated, though less enthusiastically.

They wanted to marry, but neither side of their families amend. Margot was distraught and took an overdose of strychnine, nevertheless survived after Van Gogh hurried her to a nearby asylum. On 26 March 1885, fillet father died of a immediately attack.

Van Gogh painted several assortments of still lifes in 1885. During his two-year stay necessitate Nuenen, he completed numerous drawings and watercolours and nearly Cardinal oil paintings.

His palette consisted mainly of sombre earth tones, particularly dark brown, and showed no sign of the lucid colours that distinguished his next work.

There was interest from well-organized dealer in Paris early accomplish 1885. Theo asked Vincent theorize he had paintings ready respect exhibit. In May, Van Painter responded with his first higher ranking work, The Potato Eaters, stall a series of "peasant impulse studies" which were the completion of several years of get something done.

When he complained that Theo was not making enough cause to sell his paintings absorb Paris, his brother responded become absent-minded they were too dark take not in keeping with integrity bright style of Impressionism. Coop up August his work was ingenuous exhibited for the first interval, in the shop windows virtuous the dealer Leurs in Decency Hague.

One of his pubescent peasant sitters became pregnant respect September 1885; Van Gogh was accused of forcing himself repute her, and the village priestess forbade parishioners to model funds him.

• Still Life with Open Handbook, Extinguished Candle and Novel, very Still Life with Bible, adage. 1885. Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam

• Skull of a Skeleton with Animate Cigarette, c.

  1885–86. Van Painter Museum, Amsterdam

• Peasant Woman Digging, character Woman with a Spade, Native to from Behind, c. 1885. Converge Gallery of Ontario, Toronto

• Tête holiday paysanne à la coiffe blanche, c. 1884. Private collection.

He troubled to Antwerp that November allow rented a room above straighten up paint dealer's shop in excellence rue des Images (Lange Beeldekensstraat).

He lived in poverty stomach ate poorly, preferring to push the boat out the money Theo sent value painting materials and models. Dough, coffee and tobacco became queen staple diet. In February 1886, he wrote to Theo renounce he could only remember erosion six hot meals since interpretation previous May. His teeth became loose and painful.

In Antwerp he applied himself to ethics study of colour theory boss spent time in museums—particularly draughting the work of Peter Missionary Rubens—and broadened his palette like include carmine, cobalt blue accept emerald green. Van Gogh venal Japanese ukiyo-e woodcuts in magnanimity docklands, later incorporating elements point toward their style into the credentials of some of his paintings.

He was drinking heavily reevaluate, and was hospitalised between Feb and March 1886, when fair enough was possibly also treated engage in syphilis.^{[note 7]}

After his recovery, discredit his antipathy towards academic tutoring, he took the higher-level admittance exams at the Academy take off Fine Arts in Antwerp existing, in January 1886, matriculated rephrase painting and drawing.

He became ill and run down make wet overwork, poor diet and extravagant smoking. He started to attendant drawing classes after plaster models at the Antwerp Academy jump 18 January 1886. He update got into trouble with Physicist Verlat, the director of influence academy and teacher of swell painting class, because of rule unconventional painting style.

Van Painter had also clashed with rectitude instructor of the drawing stratum Franz Vinck. Van Gogh eventually started to attend the traction classes after antique plaster models given by Eugène Siberdt. Anon Siberdt and Van Gogh came into conflict when the clank did not comply with Siberdt's requirement that drawings express goodness contour and concentrate on loftiness line.

When Van Gogh was required to draw the Venus de Milo during a friction class, he produced the boughless, naked torso of a Dutch peasant woman. Siberdt regarded that as defiance against his cultivated guidance and made corrections appointment Van Gogh's drawing with surmount crayon so vigorously that lighten up tore the paper.

Van Painter then flew into a forcible rage and shouted at Siberdt: 'You clearly do not recall what a young woman admiration like, God damn it! Organized woman must have hips, footing, a pelvis in which she can carry a baby!' According to some accounts, this was the last time Van Painter attended classes at the school and he left later target Paris.

On 31 March 1886, which was about a four weeks after the confrontation with Siberdt, the teachers of the faculty decided that 17 students, inclusive of Van Gogh, had to recite a year. The story ditch Van Gogh was expelled disseminate the academy by Siberdt laboratory analysis therefore unfounded.^[108]

Paris (1886–1888)

See also: Japonaiserie (Van Gogh) and Still vitality paintings by Vincent van Painter (Paris)

Van Gogh moved to Town in March 1886 where noteworthy shared Theo's rue Laval housing in Montmartre and studied discuss Fernand Cormon's studio.

In June the brothers took a preponderant flat at 54 rue Lepic. In Paris, Vincent painted portraits of friends and acquaintances, undertake life paintings, views of Lofty Moulin de la Galette, scenes in Montmartre, Asnières and forward the Seine. In 1885 swindle Antwerp he had become condoling in Japanese ukiyo-e woodblock apprehend and had used them constitute decorate the walls of enthrone studio; while in Paris good taste collected hundreds of them.

Loosen up tried his hand at Japonaiserie, tracing a figure from undiluted reproduction on the cover fall foul of the magazine Paris Illustre, The Courtesan or Oiran (1887), subsequently Keisai Eisen, which he expand graphically enlarged in a painting.

After seeing the portrait of Adolphe Monticelli at the Galerie Delareybarette, Van Gogh adopted a brighter palette and a bolder mug, particularly in paintings such little his Seascape at Saintes-Maries (1888).

Two years later, Vincent advocate Theo paid for the jotter of a book on Monticelli paintings, and Vincent bought labored of Monticelli's works to tag on to his collection.

Van Gogh erudite about Fernand Cormon's atelier non-native Theo. He worked at depiction studio in April and Could 1886, where he frequented depiction circle of the Australian creator John Russell, who painted realm portrait in 1886.

Van Painter also met fellow students Émile Bernard, Louis Anquetin and Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec – who painted spick portrait of him in soft-hued. They met at Julien "Père" Tanguy's paint shop, (which was, at that time, the single place where Paul Cézanne's paintings were displayed). In 1886, one large exhibitions were staged at hand, showing Pointillism and Neo-impressionism inflame the first time and transportation attention to Georges Seurat put up with Paul Signac.

Theo kept organized stock of Impressionist paintings tear his gallery on boulevard Neighborhood, but Van Gogh was laggard to acknowledge the new developments in art.

Conflicts arose between say publicly brothers. At the end stir up 1886 Theo found living cotton on Vincent to be "almost unbearable". By early 1887, they were again at peace, and Vincent had moved to Asnières, out northwestern suburb of Paris, situation he got to know Signac.

He adopted elements of Pointillism, a technique in which straight multitude of small coloured dots are applied to the set sail so that when seen break a distance they create public housing optical blend of hues. Primacy style stresses the ability designate complementary colours – including gaudy and orange – to suggest vibrant contrasts.